Linux minfo命令

device information:
===================
filename="/dev/sda1"
sectors per track: 63
heads: 255
cylinders: 1024

media byte: f8

big sectors: 4194304
sectors per cluster: 64
reserved sectors: 32
fats: 2
root directory entries: 0
small sectors: 0
serial number: 0x12345678
disk label="USB DRIVE"
disk type="FAT32"

#!/bin/bash
# USB设备信息分析脚本

echo "=== USB设备信息分析 ==="
echo "分析时间: $(date)"
echo ""

# 检测USB设备
USB_DEVICES=$(lsblk -o NAME,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT | grep -E "disk.*usb" | awk '{print $1}')

if [ -z "$USB_DEVICES" ]; then
    echo "未检测到USB设备"
    exit 0
fi

for DEVICE in $USB_DEVICES; do
    echo "USB设备: /dev/$DEVICE"
    echo "--------------------------------"

    # 查找设备的分区
    PARTITIONS=$(lsblk -o NAME,TYPE | grep -E "^${DEVICE}[0-9]+.*part" | awk '{print $1}')

    if [ -z "$PARTITIONS" ]; then
        echo "  未找到分区"
        continue
    fi

    for PARTITION in $PARTITIONS; do
        PARTITION_DEV="/dev/$PARTITION"

        # 检查是否为FAT文件系统
        if blkid "$PARTITION_DEV" | grep -q "TYPE=\"vfat\""; then
            echo ""
            echo "  分区: $PARTITION_DEV"
            echo "  文件系统: FAT"

            # 使用minfo获取详细信息
            echo "  详细信息:"
            minfo "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null | while read LINE; do
                echo "    $LINE"
            done

            # 获取额外信息
            FILESYSTEM_INFO=$(blkid "$PARTITION_DEV")
            UUID=$(echo "$FILESYSTEM_INFO" | grep -o 'UUID="[^"]*"' | cut -d'"' -f2)
            LABEL=$(echo "$FILESYSTEM_INFO" | grep -o 'LABEL="[^"]*"' | cut -d'"' -f2)

            if [ -n "$UUID" ]; then
                echo "    UUID: $UUID"
            fi
            if [ -n "$LABEL" ]; then
                echo "    卷标: $LABEL"
            fi
        else
            echo ""
            echo "  分区: $PARTITION_DEV"
            echo "  文件系统: 非FAT"
        fi
    done
    echo ""
done

echo "=== 分析完成 ==="

#!/bin/bash
# FAT文件系统故障排除脚本

echo "=== FAT文件系统故障排除 ==="

# 接收要检查的设备参数
DEVICE="$1"

if [ -z "$DEVICE" ]; then
    echo "用法: $0 /dev/sdX1"
    echo "请指定要检查的设备"
    exit 1
fi

if [ ! -b "$DEVICE" ]; then
    echo "错误: $DEVICE 不是块设备"
    exit 1
fi

echo "检查设备: $DEVICE"
echo ""

# 1. 检查设备是否挂载
MOUNT_POINT=$(mount | grep "$DEVICE " | awk '{print $3}')
if [ -n "$MOUNT_POINT" ]; then
    echo "1. 挂载状态: 已挂载到 $MOUNT_POINT"
    echo "   建议: 在检查前先卸载设备 (umount $DEVICE)"
else
    echo "1. 挂载状态: 未挂载"
fi

# 2. 检查文件系统类型
FSTYPE=$(blkid -o value -s TYPE "$DEVICE" 2>/dev/null)
if [ "$FSTYPE" = "vfat" ]; then
    echo "2. 文件系统: FAT (vfat)"

    # 3. 使用minfo获取详细信息
    echo "3. minfo分析:"
    minfo "$DEVICE" 2>/dev/null

    if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
        echo "   错误: 无法读取FAT文件系统信息"
        echo "   可能原因:"
        echo "     - 设备损坏"
        echo "     - 文件系统损坏"
        echo "     - 不是FAT文件系统"
    fi

    # 4. 检查常见问题
    echo ""
    echo "4. 常见问题检查:"

    # 检查FAT表数量
    FAT_COUNT=$(minfo "$DEVICE" 2>/dev/null | grep "^fats:" | awk '{print $2}')
    if [ -n "$FAT_COUNT" ]; then
        echo "   FAT表数量: $FAT_COUNT"
        if [ "$FAT_COUNT" -lt 2 ]; then
            echo "   警告: FAT表少于2个，可能损坏"
        fi
    fi

    # 检查保留扇区
    RESERVED=$(minfo "$DEVICE" 2>/dev/null | grep "^reserved sectors:" | awk '{print $3}')
    if [ -n "$RESERVED" ]; then
        echo "   保留扇区: $RESERVED"
        if [ "$RESERVED" -eq 0 ]; then
            echo "   警告: 保留扇区为0，可能损坏"
        fi
    fi

    # 5. 建议操作
    echo ""
    echo "5. 建议操作:"
    echo "   - 运行 fsck.fat $DEVICE 检查和修复"
    echo "   - 备份数据后重新格式化"
    echo "   - 使用 ddrescue 尝试数据恢复"

else
    echo "2. 文件系统: 不是FAT ($FSTYPE)"
    echo "   minfo只能用于FAT文件系统"
fi

echo ""
echo "=== 检查完成 ==="

#!/bin/bash
# 批量分析存储设备脚本

echo "=== 存储设备批量分析 ==="
echo "生成报告时间: $(date)"
echo ""

REPORT_FILE="storage_analysis_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).txt"

{
echo "存储设备分析报告"
echo "================="
echo "生成时间: $(date)"
echo ""

# 获取所有磁盘
DISKS=$(lsblk -d -o NAME,TYPE | grep disk | awk '{print $1}')

echo "检测到的磁盘数量: $(echo "$DISKS" | wc -l)"
echo ""

for DISK in $DISKS; do
    DISK_DEV="/dev/$DISK"
    echo "磁盘: $DISK_DEV"
    echo "$(printf '%.0s=' {1..40})"

    # 磁盘基本信息
    DISK_SIZE=$(lsblk -d -o SIZE "$DISK_DEV" | tail -1)
    DISK_MODEL=$(cat "/sys/block/$DISK/device/model" 2>/dev/null || echo "未知")

    echo "型号: $DISK_MODEL"
    echo "大小: $DISK_SIZE"

    # 分区信息
    PARTITIONS=$(lsblk -o NAME,TYPE "$DISK_DEV" | grep "part$" | awk '{print $1}')

    if [ -z "$PARTITIONS" ]; then
        echo "分区: 无分区"
        echo ""
        continue
    fi

    echo "分区数量: $(echo "$PARTITIONS" | wc -l)"
    echo ""

    for PARTITION in $PARTITIONS; do
        PARTITION_DEV="/dev/$PARTITION"
        echo "  分区: $PARTITION_DEV"

        # 分区大小
        PARTITION_SIZE=$(lsblk -o SIZE "$PARTITION_DEV" | tail -1)
        echo "    大小: $PARTITION_SIZE"

        # 文件系统类型
        FSTYPE=$(blkid -o value -s TYPE "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null)
        if [ -n "$FSTYPE" ]; then
            echo "    文件系统: $FSTYPE"

            # 如果是FAT文件系统，使用minfo获取详细信息
            if [ "$FSTYPE" = "vfat" ]; then
                echo "    FAT文件系统信息:"
                minfo "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null | while read LINE; do
                    echo "      $LINE"
                done
            fi

            # 卷标
            LABEL=$(blkid -o value -s LABEL "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null)
            if [ -n "$LABEL" ]; then
                echo "    卷标: $LABEL"
            fi

            # UUID
            UUID=$(blkid -o value -s UUID "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null)
            if [ -n "$UUID" ]; then
                echo "    UUID: $UUID"
            fi
        else
            echo "    文件系统: 未知/未格式化"
        fi

        # 挂载点
        MOUNT_POINT=$(findmnt -n -o TARGET "$PARTITION_DEV" 2>/dev/null)
        if [ -n "$MOUNT_POINT" ]; then
            echo "    挂载点: $MOUNT_POINT"
        else
            echo "    挂载点: 未挂载"
        fi

        echo ""
    done
    echo ""
done

echo "报告结束"
} | tee "$REPORT_FILE"

echo ""
echo "报告已保存到: $REPORT_FILE"
echo "=== 批量分析完成 ==="